that one of your indications for arthroscopic treatment is failure of non-op treatment. I wanted to ask you what your definition of failure of non-op treatment is. That's question number one. Number two is the manuscript indicated that the return to play occurred at around six to eight months after the procedures. And what were the criteria for return to play, if any? So to answer your first question, which was about failure of non-operative treatment, essentially patients without significant mechanical symptoms or locking or catching in their elbow were sent to physical therapy with anti-inflammatories and shut down for throwing from a differing amount of time. We did have three different operative surgeons and treating surgeons in this group, so it wasn't standardized. However, if upon physical therapy, anti-inflammatories, these patients were not able to work through their throwing program and had persistent symptoms, that was an indication for surgical treatment. And your second question, return to play, what was our return to play criteria? Again, there was nothing that was, unfortunately, standardized in our study, so I can't comment on a standardized protocol for these patients. But with kind of everything else we do with the elbow, restoring motion first and then strengthening, typically these players would start throwing around three months, and if they get through their throwing program, then they can return back to sport. Great, thank you. Marcus, nice to see you again. Yeah. Question for you, if the normal functioning cage-out score level, typically in a baseball player, is at 90, and athletes improve after surgery, but still don't reach the cage-out score of 90, this is more of a philosophical question, how do you counsel that athlete and the parents? That's a great question, and I think that's a big challenge in terms of addressing the preoperative discussion with these patients. One thing that I did not report, our cage-out scores for our pitchers was 83.5 on average, and so we thought that was close to the typical, what we would shoot for in terms of a benchmark of 90. It's challenging, and I think that data, and this long-term data for us, helps us be able to identify how that discussion goes, in the hopes that we could get them back to what we would consider to be an average cage-out score for a baseball player. That these cage-out scores were presumably much lower preoperatively, and unfortunately we don't have that data, but that would be, I think, a big part of the discussion, is that if their cage-out score's lower, the hope is to get them back to what we would consider that standard for baseball players. Great, thank you very much. And then we'll turn the program over to John Conway for some additional edumacation about sequential adjustment. Thanks, John.

arthroscopic treatment

non-operative treatment

physical therapy

surgical treatment

CAGE-OUT score